![]() ![]() The radial and traverse velocities can be derived from the Cartesian velocity and displacement vectors by decomposing the velocity vector into radial and transverse components. Both arise from angular velocity, which is the rate of rotation about the origin (with positive quantities representing counter-clockwise rotation and negative quantities representing clockwise rotation, in a right-handed coordinate system). In polar coordinates, a two-dimensional velocity is described by a radial velocity, defined as the component of velocity away from or toward the origin (also known as "velocity made good" ), and a transverse velocity, perpendicular to the radial one. The radial component can be observed due to the Doppler effect, the tangential component causes visible changes of the position of the object. See also: Circular_motion § In_polar_coordinates and Radial, transverse, normal Representation of radial and tangential components of velocity at different moments of linear motion with constant velocity of the object around an observer O (it corresponds, for example, to the passage of a car on a straight street around a pedestrian standing on the sidewalk). ![]() Hence, the car is considered to be undergoing an acceleration. Constant direction constrains the object to motion in a straight path thus, a constant velocity means motion in a straight line at a constant speed.įor example, a car moving at a constant 20 kilometres per hour in a circular path has a constant speed, but does not have a constant velocity because its direction changes. To have a constant velocity, an object must have a constant speed in a constant direction. If there is a change in speed, direction or both, then the object is said to be undergoing an acceleration. For example, "5 metres per second" is a scalar, whereas "5 metres per second east" is a vector. The scalar absolute value ( magnitude) of velocity is called speed, being a coherent derived unit whose quantity is measured in the SI ( metric system) as metres per second (m/s or m⋅s −1). Velocity is a physical vector quantity both magnitude and direction are needed to define it. Velocity is a fundamental concept in kinematics, the branch of classical mechanics that describes the motion of bodies. Velocity is the speed and the direction of motion of an object. ![]()
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